Experto prevé un fuerte invierno en EE.UU. y México y efectos en el Caribe y Centroamérica
Caracas.- Estados Unidos, Canadá, México y varios países de Europa pueden sentir este año el llamado «efecto Ártico», que se expresa en inviernos extremos después de ciclos de calentamiento sostenido, y sus consecuencias se irradiarían, además, al Caribe y algunas zonas de Centroamérica, previó hoy un experto venezolano.
«México va a ser uno de los países, aparte de Estados Unidos y Canadá, (…) más afectados por este fenómeno», explicó a Efe el ambientalista Erik Quiroga, promotor del «Día Internacional de la Preservación de la Capa de Ozono», aprobado por las Naciones Unidas y celebrado desde el 16 de septiembre de 2010.
Quiroga vaticinó que a partir de este invierno 2011-2012 pueden registrarse «ciclos de extremos inviernos» como parte de ese efecto, que tiene su origen en el deshielo del Ártico tras un lapso de «Calentamiento Global Sostenido», que comenzó, según dijo citando la Organización Meteorológica Mundial, en 1976 y ahora cumple 35 años.
Este calentamiento, apuntó el ambientalista, es el más largo desde el «período cálido Medieval», hace más de 1.000 años.
A raíz del deshielo, detalló, se afectan los patrones de viento Ártico, la Corriente del Golfo, lo que da lugar «a ciclos de inviernos extremos, como un mecanismo natural para restablecer el equilibrio térmico del Ártico».
Sobre Estados Unidos, Quiroga indicó que pueden tener lugar nevadas «extremas» en Nueva York y hasta «inusuales» en el sur del Florida.
Sostuvo que los «fuertes vientos del norte» desplazarían aire frío del ártico por la región central y la costa este de EE.UU., lo que potenciaría oleadas de frío por la región central y afectaría a Chicago y otros puertos.
Además, pueden darse «nevadas históricas» en Boston, Nueva York y Washington, así como un «frío inusual» en Cuba, sostuvo.
Para el caso de México, pueden producirse lluvias y «a medida que va avanzando el invierno se traducen también en nevadas», señaló el experto, quien previó, de igual forma, «un histórico de frentes fríos» en ese país.
Dichos frente fríos «descenderían» hasta Centroamérica y se sentirán en El Salvador, Guatemala e incluso Honduras, apuntó.
«En estos países (de Centroamérica) hay mucha influencia del Pacífico, entonces esto hace más complejo el problema climático en estas áreas», añadió Quiroga.
Mientras en Suramérica este efecto puede generar «un cuadro de lluvias extremo» al afectar la convergencia intertropical y combinarse con el calentamiento del Atlántico y el encuentro con los vientos Alisios, detalló.
Igualmente, estimó que en Europa Occidental puedan tener lugar «fuertes borrascas y ciclos de temperaturas árticas», así como «vientos con velocidades inusuales para la región».
Señaló que el frío puede desplazarse desde las islas británicas a Francia y norte de España, Europa Central, la península Itálica, hasta la región del mediterráneo.
En tanto que el desplazamiento de masas de aire polar sobre Siberia puede causar inviernos extremos en China y en la región norte de India, sentenció Quiroga. EFE
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