Economistas alertan que «errores en política» pueden dañar a Latinoamérica

| 19 enero, 2012 | 40 Replies

Toronto (Canadá).- Economistas canadienses dijeron hoy que Latinoamérica está bastante aislada de las repercusiones de la crisis financiera europea, pero advirtieron que «posibles errores en política» económica en países como Brasil pueden dañar su crecimiento.

Jonathan Hausman, vicepresidente de Mercados Emergentes del Fondo de Pensiones de los Profesores de Ontario, uno de los mayores fondos de pensiones de Canadá, dijo hoy que el riesgo de «posibles errores de política económica» en Brasil es real.

«Algunas de las políticas de Brasil son muy arriesgadas», afirmó Hausman durante una conferencia organizada por el Consejo Canadiense para las Américas (CCA) bajo el título de «Perspectivas para Latinoamérica en 2012».

Hausman explicó que las autoridades del Banco Central de Brasil prevén que sus elevadas tasas de interés en comparación con las economías de países desarrollados atraigan a los inversores extranjeros, pero destacó que la realidad es que el dólar estadounidense es aún la divisa refugio.

«Mi preocupación es que (en términos de política económica) no acierten, ya sea porque no lleguen o se pasen», dijo Hausman.

Hausman dijo que, en concreto, algunas de las medidas proteccionistas que se plantea Brasil para proteger su industria manufacturera apuntan a «una tendencia preocupante».

Hausman también señaló que uno de los efectos más directos e inmediatos de la crisis europea en Latinoamérica es que los bancos europeos se verán obligados a vender sus activos en la región para hacer frente a su escasez de líquido.

«Ese proceso ya está bien avanzado», añadió Hausman.

Por su parte, John Price, director gerente de Americas Market Intelligence, dijo que la dependencia de Latinoamérica con respecto a Europa se ha reducido en los últimos años gracias al aumento del comercio interregional y a que el mayor riesgo para los países latinoamericanos es que la crisis europea afecta a China.

Pero Price destacó que Latinoamérica es un mercado que ha sido ignorado por muchas de las grandes compañías, que se han concentrado en China a pesar de que los países latinoamericanos ofrecen numerosas ventajas para los productores de bienes y servicios.

Según Price, Latinoamérica tiene seis veces más hogares con una renta anual de 75,000 dólares al año que China, y destacó que eso permite que haya una mayor demanda de productos de consumo que en el gigante asiático.

«Ford y General Motors ganan una gran cantidad de dinero en Latinoamérica. Pero Ford todavía tiene que encontrar la forma de ganar dinero en China», dijo Hausman.

El economista explicó que mientras que en Asia existe un gran número de empresas que compiten por los consumidores, en Latinoamérica el espectro de rivales es más limitado, a la vez que existe «un increíble apetito» por productos de marcas globales. EFE

 

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